stand

stand¹ W1S1 [stænd] v past tense and past participle stood [stud]

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1¦(be on feet)¦

2¦(rise)¦

3¦(step)¦

4¦(in a particular position)¦

5¦(in a state/condition)¦

6¦(not like)¦

7¦(accept a situation)¦

8¦(be good enough)¦

9 stand to do something

10¦(not move)¦

11¦(height)¦

12¦(level/amount)¦

13¦(rank/position)¦

14¦(election)¦

15¦(decision/offer)¦

16 if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen

17 somebody/something could stand something

18 I stand corrected

19 where somebody stands

20 from where I stand

21 know where you stand (with somebody)

22 stand to attention

23 stand on your head/hands

24 stand in line

25 stand firm/stand fast

26 stand pat

27 stand alone

28 stand still

29 stand a chance/hope (of doing something)

30 stand in somebody's way

31 stand on your own (two) feet

32 it stands to reason (that)

33 stand or fall by/on something

34¦(liquid)¦

35 stand guard (over somebody/something)

36 stand bail

37 stand trial

38 stand accused (of something)

39 stand tall

40 somebody can do something standing on their head

41 be stood on its head

42 not stand on ceremony

43 stand somebody a drink/meal etc

Phrasal verbs

　stand against somebody/something

　stand around

　stand by

　stand down

　stand for something

　stand in

　stand out

　stand out against something

　stand over somebody

　stand to

　stand up

　stand up for somebody/something

　stand up to somebody/something

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[: Old English; Origin: standan]

1.) ¦(BE ON FEET)¦ also be standing up

to support yourself on your feet or be in an upright position

▪ It looks like we'll have to stand - there are no seats left.

▪ She stood in the doorway.

▪ Stand still (=do not move) and listen to me.

▪ Don't just stand there (=stand and not do anything) - help me!

stand on tiptoe/stand on your toes

(=support yourself on your toes)

▪ If he stood on tiptoe, he could reach the shelf.

stand (somewhere) doing sth

▪ They just stood there laughing.

▪ We stood watching the rain fall.

2.) ¦(RISE)¦ [i]also stand up

to rise to an upright position

▪ Smiling, she stood and closed the blinds.

3.) ¦(STEP)¦ [I always + adverb/preposition]

a) to step a short distance

stand back/aside

▪ She stood back to let him in.

stand clear of sth

[i]BrE (=step away from something in order to be safe)

▪ Stand clear of the doors, please.

b) BrE to accidentally step on or in something

stand on/in

▪ Don't stand in that puddle!

4.) ¦(IN A PARTICULAR POSITION)¦ [I,T usually + adverb/preposition]

to be upright in a particular position, or to put something or someone somewhere in an upright position

▪ A lamp stood on the table.

▪ Near the railway station stood a hotel.

▪ Some remains of the original house still stand.

stand sth on/in etc sth

▪ Can you stand that pole in the corner for now?

▪ I closed the lid and stood the case against the wall.

stand sb (up) on sth

▪ Stand Molly up on a chair so she can see.

5.) ¦(IN A STATE/CONDITION)¦ [linking verb]

to be or stay in a particular state or condition

▪ The kitchen door stood open so she went in.

stand empty/idle

(=not being used)

▪ scores of derelict houses standing empty

▪ I'm not too thrilled with the way things stand (=the state that the situation is in) at the moment.

▪ The evidence as it stands (=as it is now) cannot be conclusive.

where/how do things stand?

(=used to ask what is happening in a situation)

▪ Where do things stand in terms of the budget?

▪ I will know within the next month or two how I stand (=what my situation is) .

stand united/divided

(=agree or disagree completely)

▪ He urged the whole community to stand united and to reject terrorism.

stand prepared/ready to do sth

(=be prepared to do something whenever it is necessary)

▪ We should stand ready to do what is necessary to guarantee the peace.

▪ countries that have stood together (=stayed united) in times of crisis

stand in awe of sb

(=admire them, be afraid of them, or both)

6.) ¦(NOT LIKE)¦

can't stand

spoken used to say that you do not like someone or something at all, or that you think that something is extremely unpleasant

= ↑can't bear

▪ I can't stand bad manners.

▪ I know he can't stand the sight of me.

can't stand (sb/sth) doing sth

▪ Lily can't stand working in an office.

▪ I can't stand people smoking around me when I'm eating.

can't stand to do sth

▪ She can't stand to hear them arguing.

7.) ¦(ACCEPT A SITUATION)¦ [T usually in questions and negatives]

to be able to accept or deal well with a difficult situation

= ↑tolerate can/could stand sth

▪ I couldn't stand the thought of leaving Danielle.

▪ I've had about as much as I can stand of your arguing!

▪ I don't know if I can stand the waiting any longer.

can stand sb doing sth

▪ How can you stand Marty coming home late all the time?

▪ She's a strong woman who stands no nonsense from anyone.

8.) ¦(BE GOOD ENOUGH)¦ [T]

to be good or strong enough to last a long time or to experience a particular situation without being harmed, damaged, etc

▪ Linen can stand very high temperatures.

▪ His poetry will stand the test of time (=stay popular) .

9.) stand to do sth

to be likely to do or have something

stand to gain/lose/win/make

▪ What do firms think they stand to gain by merging?

▪ After the oil spill, thousands of fishermen stand to lose their livelihoods.

10.)¦(NOT MOVE)¦

to stay in a particular place without moving

→↑standstill

▪ The car's been standing in the garage for weeks.

▪ The mixture was left to stand at room temperature for 15 minutes.

▪ The train was already standing at the platform.

11.) ¦(HEIGHT)¦ [linking verb] [i]formal

to be a particular height

▪ The trophy stands 5 feet high .

▪ John stood 6 feet tall .

12.) ¦(LEVEL/AMOUNT)¦ [linking verb]

to be at a particular level or amount

stand at

▪ His former workforce of 1,300 now stands at 220.

▪ Illiteracy rates are still thought to stand above 50 percent.

13.) ¦(RANK/POSITION)¦ [I always + adverb/preposition]

to have a particular rank or position when compared with similar things or people

= ↑rank

▪ The president stands high in the public opinion polls.

▪ How do their sales stand in relation to those of similar firms?

▪ His book could stand alongside the best.

14.) ¦(ELECTION)¦

[i]BrE to try to become elected to a council, parliament etc

American Equivalent: runstand for

▪ She announced her intention to stand for Parliament.

15.) ¦(DECISION/OFFER)¦ [I not in progressive]

if a decision, offer etc stands, it continues to exist, be correct, or be ↑valid

▪ Despite protests, the official decision stood.

▪ My offer of help still stands.

16.) if you can't stand the heat, get out of the kitchen

used to tell someone that they should leave a job or situation if they cannot deal with its difficulties

17.) sb/sth could stand sth

used to say very directly that it would be a good idea for someone to do something or for something to happen

▪ His smile exposed teeth that could stand a good scrubbing.

sb could stand to do sth

▪ My doctor told me I could stand to lose a few pounds.

18.) I stand corrected

spoken formal used to admit that your opinion or something that you just said was wrong

19.) where sb stands

someone's opinion about something

where somebody stands on

▪ We still do not know where he stands on the matter.

▪ You must decide where you stand.

20.) from where I stand

spoken according to what I know or feel

▪ I knew from where I stood that the stocks were practically worthless.

21.) know where you stand (with sb)

to know how someone feels about you, or what you are allowed to do in a particular situation

▪ At least we know where we stand with Steven now.

▪ I'd like to know where I stand.

▪ It helps to know where you stand legally.

22.) stand to attention

BrE stand at attention AmE

if soldiers stand to attention, they stand very straight and stiff to show respect

23.) stand on your head/hands

to support yourself on your head or hands, with your feet in the air

24.) stand in line

AmE to wait in a line of people until it is your turn to do something

British Equivalent: queue

▪ Customers stood in line for 20 minutes at the cash register.

25.) stand firm/stand fast

a) to refuse to be forced to move backwards

▪ She stood firm, blocking the entrance.

b) to refuse to change your opinions, intentions, or behaviour

▪ The government continued to stand firm and no concessions were made.

stand firm/stand fast on/against

▪ He stands firm on his convictions.

26.) stand pat

AmE to refuse to change a decision, plan etc

stand pat on

▪ Harry's standing pat on his decision to fire Janice.

27.) stand alone

a) to continue to do something alone, without help from anyone else

▪ Some of the Pacific islands are too small to stand alone as independent states.

b) to be much better than anything or anyone else

▪ For sheer entertainment value, Kelly stood alone.

28.) stand still

to not change or progress at all, even though time has passed

▪ No industry can stand still.

▪ Time seems to have stood still in this lovely hotel.

29.) stand a chance/hope (of doing sth)

to be likely to be able to do something or to succeed

▪ You'll stand a better chance of getting a job with a degree.

▪ Maybe their relationship had never really stood a chance.

30.) stand in sb's way also stand in the way

to prevent someone from doing something

▪ I always encouraged Brian. I didn't want to stand in his way.

▪ You can't stand in the way of progress!

31.) stand on your own (two) feet

to be able to do what you need to do, earn your own money, etc without help from others

▪ She's never learned to stand on her own feet.

32.) it stands to reason (that)

used to say that something should be completely clear to anyone who is sensible

▪ It stands to reason that you cannot find the right person to do a job unless you know exactly what that job is.

33.) stand or fall by/on sth

to depend on something for success

▪ The case against him will stand or fall on its own merits.

34.) ¦(LIQUID)¦

a liquid that stands does not flow or is not made to move

▪ standing pools of marsh water

35.) stand guard (over sb/sth)

to watch someone or something so that they do not do anything wrong or so that nothing bad happens to them

▪ Soldiers stand guard on street corners.

▪ You must stand guard over him at all times.

36.) stand bail

[i]BrE to promise to pay money if someone does not return to a court of law to be judged

37.) stand trial

to be brought to a court of law to have your case examined and judged

stand trial for/on

▪ Gresham will stand trial for murder.

▪ The accused was ordered to stand trial on a number of charges.

38.) stand accused (of sth)

a) to be the person in a court of law who is being judged for a crime

▪ The former president stands accused of lying to the nation's parliament.

b) if you stand accused of doing something bad or wrong, other people say that you have done it

▪ The radio station stands accused of racism.

39.) stand tall

a) to stand with your back straight and your head raised

▪ Stand tall with your feet comfortably apart.

b) AmE to be proud and feel ready to deal with anything

▪ We will stand tall and fight for issues of concern to our community.

40.) sb can do sth standing on their head informal

used to say that someone is able to do something easily

▪ This is basic stuff. I can do it standing on my head.

41.) be stood on its head

if something is stood on its head, it becomes the opposite of what it was before

▪ One area of the business which has been stood on its head is internal communications.

42.) not stand on ceremony

BrE to not worry about the formal rules of polite behaviour

▪ Come on, Mal, don't stand on ceremony here at home.

43.) stand sb a drink/meal etc

BrE to pay for something as a gift to someone

▪ Come on, Jack, I'll stand you a drink if you like.

→make sb's hair stand on end at ↑hair

→leave sb/sth standing at ↑leave¹ (15)

→not have a leg to stand on at ↑leg¹ (7)

→stand/serve/hold sb in good stead at ↑stead

→stand your ground at ↑ground¹ (7)

stand against / [stand against sb/sth] phr v

to oppose a person, organization, plan, decision etc

▪ She hadn't the strength to stand against her aunt's demands.

▪ There are only a hundred of them standing against an army of 42,000 troops.

stand around phr v

to stand somewhere and not do anything

▪ We stood around saying goodbye for a while.

stand by phr v

1.) to not do anything to help someone or prevent something from happening

→↑bystander

▪ I'm not going to stand by and see her hurt.

2.) stand by sth

to keep a promise, agreement etc, or to say that something is still true

▪ I stand by what I said earlier.

▪ He stood by his convictions.

3.) stand by sb

to stay loyal to someone and support them, especially in a difficult situation

▪ His wife stood by him during his years in prison.

4.) to be ready to do something if necessary

→↑standby

▪ Rescue crews were standing by in case of a breakdown.

stand by for

▪ Stand by for our Christmas competition.

stand by to do sth

▪ Police stood by to arrest any violent fans.

stand down phr v

1.) to agree to leave your position or to stop trying to be elected, so that someone else can have a chance

American Equivalent: step downstand down as

▪ He was obliged to stand down as a Parliamentary candidate.

2.) to leave the ↑witness box in a court of law

3.) stand (sb) down

if a soldier stands down or is stood down, he stops working for the day

stand for [stand for sth] phr v

1.) if a letter or symbol stands for something, it represents a word or idea, especially as a short form

▪ What does ATM stand for?

2.) to support a particular set of ideas, values, or principles

▪ It's hard to tell what the party stands for these days.

3.) not stand for sth

BrE to not allow something to continue to happen or someone to do something

▪ She's been lying about me, and I won't stand for it.

stand in phr v

to temporarily do someone else's job or take their place

→↑stand-in stand in for

▪ Would you mind standing in for me for a while?

stand out phr v

1.) to be very easy to see or notice

▪ The outlines of rooftops and chimneys stood out against the pale sky.

▪ She always stood out in a crowd .

▪ I am sure illnesses stand out in all childhood memories.

2.) to be much better than other similar people or things

→↑standout stand out as

▪ That day still stands out as the greatest day in my life.

stand out from/among/above

▪ Three of the cars we tested stood out among the rest.

3.) to rise up from a surface

▪ The veins stood out on his throat and temples.

stand out against [stand out against sth] phr v

to be strongly opposed to an idea, plan etc

▪ We must stand out against bigotry.

stand over [stand over sb] phr v

to stand very close behind someone and watch as they work to make sure they do nothing wrong

▪ I can't concentrate with him standing over me like that.

stand to phr v

to order a soldier to move into a position so that they are ready for action, or to move into this position

stand sb<=>to

▪ The men have been stood to.

stand up phr v

1.) to be on your feet or to rise to your feet

→↑stand-up

▪ I've been standing up all day.

▪ Stand up straight and don't slouch!

▪ Jim stood up stiffly.

2.) [always + adverb/preposition]

to stay healthy or in good condition in a difficult environment or after a lot of hard use

stand up to

▪ Most of the plants stood up well to the heat.

3.) to be proved to be true, correct, useful etc when tested

stand up to/under

▪ The memoirs stand up well to cross-checking with other records.

▪ Without a witness, the charges will never stand up in court (=be successfully proved in a court of law) .

4.) stand sb up informal

to not meet someone who you have arranged to meet

▪ I was supposed to go to a concert with Kyle on Friday, but he stood me up.

5.) stand up and be counted

to make it very clear what you think about something when this is dangerous or might cause trouble for you

stand up for / [stand up for sb/sth] phr v

to support or defend a person or idea when they are being attacked

▪ It's time we stood up for our rights.

▪ Silvia is capable of standing up for herself.

stand up to / [stand up to sb/sth] phr v

to refuse to accept unfair treatment from a person or organization

▪ He'll respect you more if you stand up to him.

▪ Cliff couldn't stand up to bullying.

stand ²

stand² n

↑saddle, ↑stand

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1¦(for support)¦

2¦(for selling)¦

3¦(opinion/attitude)¦

4¦(oppose/defend)¦

5 the stands

6 the stand

7¦(cricket)¦

8¦(taxis/buses)¦

9¦(trees)¦

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1.) ¦(FOR SUPPORT)¦

a piece of furniture or equipment used to hold or support something

▪ a music stand

▪ a cake stand

▪ He adjusted the microphone stand.

coat stand/hat stand

(=for hanging coats or hats on)

2.) ¦(FOR SELLING)¦

a table or small structure used for selling or showing things

British Equivalent: stall

▪ a hotdog stand

▪ an exhibition stand

▪ The shop was crowded with display stands and boxes.

▪ One week three magazines hit the stands (=became available to buy) with Peace Corps stories.

3.) ¦(OPINION/ATTITUDE)¦ [usually singular]

a position or opinion that you state firmly and publicly

stand on

▪ the Republicans' conservative stand on social and environmental issues

▪ She was accused of not taking a stand on feminism or civil rights.

4.) ¦(OPPOSE/DEFEND)¦

a strong effort to defend yourself or to oppose something

take/make/mount a stand (against sth)

▪ We have to take a stand against racism.

5.) the stands [plural] also stand BrE

a building where people stand or sit to watch the game at a sports ground

→↑grandstand

▪ In the stands, fifty of Jess's friends and family have come to watch her last game.

6.) the stand

a ↑witness box

▪ Will the next witness please take the stand (=go into the witness box) ?

7.) ¦(CRICKET)¦

the period of time in which two batsmen are playing together in a game of ↑cricket, or the points that they get during this time

8.) ¦(TAXIS/BUSES)¦

a place where taxis or buses stop and wait for passengers

▪ There's a taxi stand on Glen Road.

9.) ¦(TREES)¦

a group of trees of one type growing close together

stand of

▪ a stand of eucalyptus trees